Description
The Arduino Uno R3 is a popular open-source micro-controller board based on the ATmega328P chip, designed for beginners, hobbyists, and professionals in electronics and embedded systems. Operating at 5V, it supports an input voltage range of 7V to 12V, with a wider limit of 6V to 20V, providing flexibility in power supply options.
SPECIFICATIONS
The Uno R3 includes 14 digital input/output (I/O) pins, with 6 PWM outputs, and 6 analog input pins, ideal for sensor interfacing and custom hardware control. Each I/O pin can safely source or sink up to 20 mA of current. The board comes with 32 KB of flash memory (0.5 KB used by the boot-loader), 2 KB of SRAM, and 1 KB of EEPROM, offering sufficient space for most embedded applications.
Running at a clock speed of 16 MHz, the Arduino Uno ensures reliable timing and performance across a wide range of projects. It supports standard UART, SPI, and I2C communication protocols, making it compatible with a wide variety of shields, sensors, and external modules. A built-in LED is connected to digital pin 13, useful for testing and debugging code.
Unlike earlier Arduino boards that used the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip, the Uno features an ATmega16U2 (or ATmega8U2) programmed as a USB-to-serial converter, offering faster communication and enhanced stability. It connects to your computer via a USB Type-B port, which is used both for power and for uploading sketches.
The Uno measures approximately 68.6 mm × 53.4 mm and weighs around 25 grams, making it compact enough for embedded systems and portable electronics projects.
The name “Uno” means “one” in Italian, symbolizing its launch as the reference version for the upcoming Arduino 1.0 software. Today, the Arduino Uno R3 remains the standard development board for the Arduino ecosystem and a go-to choice for learning, prototyping, and building Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
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